BKBIOMTC.RVW   20031204

"Biometrics", John D. Woodward/Nicholas M. Orlans/Peter T. Higgins,
2003, 0-07-222227-1, U$49.99/C$74.95
%A   John D. Woodward
%A   Nicholas M. Orlans
%A   Peter T. Higgins
%C   300 Water Street, Whitby, Ontario   L1N 9B6
%D   2003
%G   0-07-222227-1
%I   McGraw-Hill Ryerson/Osborne
%O   U$49.99/C$74.95 905-430-5000 +1-800-565-5758 fax: 905-430-5020
%O  http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0072222271/robsladesinterne
  http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0072222271/robsladesinte-21
%O   http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0072222271/robsladesin03-20
%P   432 p.
%T   "Biometrics"

The book is intended for both students and professionals, covering all
of the aspects and uses of biometrics.  The chapters are written by a
number of contributing authors.  For example, Richard E. Smith, author
of "Authentication" (cf. BKAUTHNT.RVW) wrote the introduction found in
chapter one.  It is an excellent precis of the uses of, and
requirements for, authentication, paying particular attention to the
use, strengths, and weaknesses of biometrics.  The functional aspects
of biometric assessment; feature extraction, storage, error rates, and
so forth; are covered well in chapter two.  (There is a rather odd
confusion of genetic and phenotypic sources of biometrics: aside from
behavioural measures and DNA testing itself, almost all biometrics are
expressed characteristics, and therefore phenotypic.)

Part two deals with types of biometrics.  Chapter four provides
fascinating details on the history, technology, storage, indexing, and
searching of fingerprint records, and a brief mention of hand
geometry.  After the wealth of technicalities about fingerprints, the
very basic explanations of enrollment of face and voice recognition
are disappointing.  The material on iris and retina scanning, in
chapter five, is slightly better, but signature and keystroke dynamics
again get minimal coverage in chapter six.  Eleven of the more
esoteric biometrics are briefly described in chapter seven, ranging
from standards such as DNA testing to odd entries like sweat pore
distribution or body odour.

Part three looks at various aspects or factors to consider in
implementing biometrics.  Chapter eight looks at the question of
"liveness" testing.  (This is the biometrics topic beloved of students
the world over: "What if you cut off the guy's finger and used that?" 
Students tend to be rather gruesome creatures.)  Most of chapter nine
is devoted to a guide for contracting out, or questions to ask
contractors or vendors.  Various standards bodies are described in
chapter ten.  Chapter eleven talks about issues involved in testing of
biometric systems.

Part four deals with privacy, policies, and legal issues.  Chapter
twelve examines both the threats and the benefits that biometrics
holds for privacy.  There is a detailed and interesting look at
(mostly US) law and decisions relating to privacy, and the
implications for biometric applications, in chapter thirteen.  Chapter
fourteen does have brief case studies of the use of biometrics at the
Super Bowl and in Virginia Beach, but concentrates on the legal
issues.  Chapter fifteen deals with the American digital signature
law, and the potential relation to the inclusion of biometrics in the
process.  Some material is repeated from earlier chapters.

Part five reviews selected biometrics programs.  Chapter sixteen
covers government and military programs, most related to law
enforcement.  Searching the FBI files of civil (or non-criminal)
fingerprint files, in chapter seventeen, reiterates a fair amount of
content from chapter four.  Private sector programs, in chapter
eighteen, are primarily concerned with face recognition in casinos or
a variety of systems for banks, but others are mentioned.  Chapter
nineteen presents a very detailed and thoughtful analysis of the
possibilities for a national identity card.

Because this book is essentially a collection of standalone essays by
a variety of authors, there is a great deal of overlap and duplication
of material, and at times this repetition becomes annoying.  This is,
however, the most useful and informative work on biometrics that I
have reviewed to date, and the analysis, in particular, is
comprehensive and even-handed.  I would recommend this as both a
serviceable introduction to anyone who must work with biometrics, and
as a guide to the controversies surrounding them.

copyright Robert M. Slade, 2003   BKBIOMTC.RVW   20031204